SYMPATHOMIMETICS, ANTICOAGULANTS, PROTAMINE AND ANTIPLATELET DRUGS.

SYMPATHOMIMETICS

They act increasing both heart rate and contractility, it can cause peripheral vasodilation or vasoconstriction.

1. Inotropic sympathomimetics: 

-Dobutamine (Indications: inotropic support in infarction, cardiac surgery, cardiomyopathies, septic shock and cardiogenic shock).

-Dopamine Hydrochloride (Indications: cardiogenic shock in infarction or cardiac surgery).

-Dopexamine Hydrochloride (Indications: inotropic support and vasodilator in exacerbations of chronic heart failure and in heart failure associated with cardiac surgery).

2. Vasoconstrictor sympathomimetics (raise blood pressure transiently):

-Ephedrine Hydrochloride.

-Metaraminol.

-Noradrenaline Acid Tartrate/ Norepinephrine Bitartrate.

-Phenylephrine Hydrochloride.

3. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation:

-Adrenaline/Epinephrine.

ANTICOAGULANTS AND PROTAMINE

Mainly used to prevent thrombus formation or extension of an existing thrombus in the slower-moving venous side of the circulation, prevention and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis in the legs. They are used to prevent thrombi forming on prosthetic heart valves.

1. Parenteral anticoagulants:

-Heparin.

-Bemiparin Sodium (Zibor).

-Dalteparin Sodium (Fragmin).

-Enoxaparin Sodium (Clexane).

-Tinzaparin Sodium (Innohep).

-Danaparoid Sodium (Orgaran).

-Bivalirudin (Angiox).

-Lepirudin (Refludan).

-Epoprostenol (Flolan).

-Fondaparinux Sodium (Arixtra).

2. Oral anticoagulants:

-Warfarin Sodium.

-Acenocoumarol (Sinthrome).

-Phenindione.

-Dabigatran Etexilate (Pradaxa).

-Rivaroxaban (Xarelto).

3. Protamine sulphate (Prosulf).

ANTIPLATELET DRUGS

-Abciximab.

-Aspirin (Angettes 75, Caprin).

-Clopidogrel (Plavix).

-Dipyridamole (Persantin).

-Eptifibatide (Integrilín).

-Tirofiban (Aggrastal)

Sources:

-http://www.evidence.nhs.uk

-BNF 57 March 2009